Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2016 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 6 Articles
Cardiac cancer or heart cancer is a rare type of cancer arises in the heart. There are two types of cardiac tumours, primary cardiac tumour and secondary cardiac tumours. Primary cardiac tumour in which the cancer starts and develops in the heart and is very rare type, it is divided into malignant primary cardiac cancers which are soft-tissue tumours known as sarcomas. They tend to grow rapidly inside the heart and quickly spread to other tissues and the other is non-cancerous Myxomas, these are the most common type of cardiac tumour. If detected and treated early, these have little effect on lifespan. The secondary tumours are the cancer cells that break away from tumours elsewhere in the body can grow in the heart; these secondary or metastatic tumours are far more common than primary cardiac tumours. The aim of the study was to characterize the pathological features of heart cancer, symptom checkers and a study of pharmacological and non pharmacological treatments available for curing cardiac cancer....
This systematic literature reviewdescribes adverse events (AEs) among patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS)who received secondline\nor later anticancer therapies. Searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled\nTrials for studies of adults with advanced or metastatic STS who received systemic anticancer therapy before enrollment in a\nrandomized-controlled trial of pazopanib, another targeted cancer agent, or cytotoxic chemotherapy.Of 204 publications identified,\nseven articles representing six unique studies met inclusion criteria. Additional safety results for pazopanib were identified\non ClinicalTrials.gov. Hematologic toxicities were common with all therapies evaluated (pazopanib, trabectedin, dacarbazine �±\ngemcitabine, gemcitabine �± docetaxel, cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide). Studies differed in AE type, timing of assessment, and\noutcomes reported, although patient populations and AE assessment timing were relatively similar for pazopanib and trabectedin.\nAEs that were more common with trabectedin than pazopanib were anemia, neutropenia, nausea/vomiting, and elevations in\naspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. An AE that was more common with pazopanib than trabectedin was\nanorexia. Only the pazopanib study reported AE frequencies versus placebo. A planned meta-analysis was not feasible, as there\nwas no common comparator. More well-designed studies that include common comparators are needed for comparison of safety\neffects among treatments for STS....
Background: It has been shown that gene polymorphisms may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of\nesophageal cancer. This study is to investigate the role of alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) gene Arg47His\npolymorphism in esophageal cancer susceptibility.\nMethods: Case-control studies published between January 2000 and June 2015 were searched to retrieve\nrelevant articles. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were employed to calculate the\nstrength of association.\nResults: A total of 23 relevant articles were finally selected for the analysis, including 9338 esophageal cancer\npatients and 14,896 matched controls. Overall, we found that the 47His allele was significant associated with the\ndecreased risk of esophageal cancer when compared with the 47Arg allele in total populations (A vs. G: OR = 0.\n67, 95 % CI = 0.59ââ?¬â??0.76, P < 0.00001). This protective relationship was observed under other genetic models as well\n(P < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity showed that ADH1B Arg47His variant was associated with the decreased\nesophageal cancer risk under all the genetic models (P < 0.00001) among Asians, especially in Chinese and Japanese;\nwhile in non-Asians, no significant correlation was detected in any genetic models (P > 0.05). Furthermore, Arg/Arg\ngenotype of ADH1B Arg47His variant combined with drinking, smoking and males appeared to show a high risk in\npatients with esophageal cancer.\nConclusions: Our results suggested that ADH1B gene Arg47His variant was associated with the decreased esophageal\ncancer risk. Genetic-environmental interaction should be further considered in the future researches....
Cancer has turn out to be the chief threat to human lives in recent times if we consider the study in past few epochs. Changes in our lifestyles, eating habits, smoking, increasing stress levels due work pressure have caused detrimental effects on our health. Developed economies along with emerging economies and other parts of world are working day and night to find a cure for cancer. But still we are yet to be victorious on that front. No doubt the research and development is at ever increasing level to curb the menace of losing lives from the hands of carcinoma or cancer. But in actual the treatment lies in and around us. The present letter has been written to give prime importance to the herbal remedies which have not been researched much. They are highly effective in curbing this dangerous menace. Herbal remedies are side effect less and are effective. Though it may not help in immediate cure it certainly will reduce the causation of this deadly disease. Hence, read on the letter to find the 7 most effective herbal remedies against cancer or carcinoma....
Background: As the prognosis of lung cancer (LC) patients improves, subcutaneously implanted\ncentral venous access device ports (CV-ports) have frequently been used for continuing chemotherapy\n(CC) or palliative care (PC). In this study, we examined the clinical course of LC patients\nwith subcutaneously implanted CV-ports from the time of receiving chemotherapy to the endpoint\nof cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and treatment\nhistory of LC patients with subcutaneously implanted CV-ports between June 2008 and November\n2013 using clinical records and a pharmacy database. Results: Of the 132 LC patients with subcu-taneously implanted CV-ports, 79 (59.8%) had CV-ports for CC (the CC group) and 53 (40.2%) had\nCV-ports for PC (the PC group). After CV-port implantation, LC patients in the CC group received a\nmedian of two regimens with a median of 6 cycles. The median survival time of patients in the CC\nand PC groups was 457 and 44 days, respectively. In the CC group, the median survival time of\nsmall cell and non-small cell LC patients was 342 (95% confidence interval, 235 - 627) and 563\n(95% confidence interval, 368 - 728) days, respectively. Nine patients (6.8%) had their CV-ports\nremoved due to complications. Forty (30.3%) of the 132 enrolled patients were referred for\nat-home PC. The at-home death rate observed among these 40 patients was 30.0% (N = 12). Conclusion:\nCV-ports may contribute to seamless oncological care....
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Despite initial responses,\nalmost all patients progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Over the past decade,\nincreased understanding of the mechanisms that drive resistance to castration has led to the development\nof next-generation androgen receptor targeting agents such as abiraterone acetate and\nenzalutamide. Moreover in the last few years, results from large Phase III trials led to the approval\nof an -emitter (radium-223), the bone resorption-targeting drug denosumab and an immunotherapy\n(sipuleucel-T) that showed improvements in terms of overall survival. In the field of metastatic\nCRPC, other novel therapeutics have recently been proven to extend survival via distinct\nmechanisms of action such as the new and more potent classes of androgen inhibitors, ortonel,\nARN-509 and galeterone, the endothelin A receptor antagonist zibotentan, the Src inhibitor dasatinib,\nthe c-MET inhibitor cabozantinib and the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab. This review\naims to revisit the evolution of androgen receptor targeting therapeutics and to discuss other\nimportant alternative biologic pathways that have given rise to new agents in metastatic prostate\ncancer....
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